Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C) and line a large baking sheet with parchment paper.
In a medium mixing bowl, beat the softened vegan butter and brown sugar together with a wooden spoon or hand mixer until smooth and creamy, about 1 to 2 minutes. Add the pumpkin purée and vanilla extract and mix until well combined.
Add the flour, baking powder, baking soda and salt. Stir to combine, then use your hands to bring everything together into a soft, cohesive dough. If the dough is too sticky to roll, chill it for 15 minutes.
Roll the dough into 13 equal balls (about 2 tablespoons each) and arrange them on the prepared baking sheet about 2 inches apart. Gently flatten each ball with the back of a spoon so the cookies bake evenly.
Bake on the middle oven rack for 8 to 10 minutes, until the edges are set and the bottoms are lightly golden. Let the cookies cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely. They will firm up as they cool.
Notes
Use plain pumpkin purée, not pumpkin pie filling. For spiced cookies, add 1 to 1 ½ teaspoons of pumpkin pie spice with the flour. You can replace some or all of the vegan butter with unsweetened applesauce for denser, lower-fat cookies. Store in an airtight container at room temperature for 3 to 4 days, or freeze for up to 3 months. See the article above for more tips and variations.
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